PRESENT & FUTURE
TENSES

Words in the shape of یفعل

In arabic we write present and future tense using the same word.
Now the question is "How do we understand when it is present and when it is future?"
The answer is that we will understand by reading the whole sentence in the Holy Quran.

If a four letter word is such that the first letter has a zabr, second letter has a sakin, third has either a zer/zabr/pesh, and the fourth (last letter) has a pesh on it, than it becomes a future/present tense.

FOR EXAMPLE

Verbs	Meaning
	He Beats. (Present) / He will Beat. (Future)
	He Helps. (Present) / He will Help. (Future)
	He Listens. (Present) / He will Listen. (Future)
	He Prostrates. (Present) / He will Prostrate. (Future)
	He Asks Questions. (Present) / He will Ask Question. (Future)
	He Defends. (Present) / He will Defend. (Future)
	He Comes Out. (Present) / He will Come Out. (Future)
	He Provides Rizq. (Present) / He will Provide Rizq. (Future)
	He Eats. (Present) / He will Eat. (Future)
	He Lies. (Present) / He will Lie. (Future)
	He Acts Upon. (Present) / He will Act Upon. (Future)
	He Bears the Burden. (Present) / He will Bear the Burden. (Future)
	He Sees/Looks. (Present) / He will See/Look. (Future)
	He Writes. (Present) / He will Write. (Future)
	He Understands. (Present) / He will Understand. (Future)

Note: Present & Future Tense is written using the same word.

Guess these much of words are enough to understand. Rest we will learn from the Quran.

Exercise: Convert all above present / future tenses into its past tense!

Here is a small summary about Tenses:

PAST - PRESENT- FUTURE

Past Tense	Present Tense	Future Tense

PASSIVE VOICE (PRESENT)

is used to define an action a person did in the present or future. What if the action happened to him? For that :

Rule 1 - Add a pesh on the first letter of the word, and
Rule 2 - If third letter contains a zabr than make it zer or if it contains a zer than make it zabr.

FOR EXAMPLE

Verbs	Meaning
	He is Beated. (Present) / He will be Beated. (Future)
	He is Helped. (Present) / He will be Helped. (Future)
	He is Listened. (Present) / He will be Listened. (Future)

Exercise: Convert all remaining present / future tenses into its passive voice!

DOER OF ACTION (SUBJECT)

What we have learned so far above is something someone is doing in the past / present / future. But what do we call the one who is doing that and how do we call / pronounce it?

If a word in past tense is in the shape of: فعل i.e. three letters or if a word in present tense is in the shape of: یفعل i.e. then,
the word for the action doer will be in the shape of: فاعل.

FOR EXAMPLE

Past Tense Verbs	Words for Action Doer	Meaning
		Helper / One who helps
		Murderer / One who Murders
		Listener / One who Listens
		Prostrator / One who Prostrates
		Murderer / One who Murders

FOR EXAMPLE

Present / Future Tenses	Words for Action Doer	Meaning
		Helper / One who helps
		Murderer / One who Murders
		Listener / One who Listens
		Prostrator / One who Prostrates
		Murderer / One who Murders

Exercise: Convert all remaining past / present / future tenses into its Words for action doer!

FEMININE (SUBJECT)

The words mentioned above are used of doers of action who are male. How do we write them for females. For that:

For that we just add a ة at the end. Note that ة is silent.

FOR EXAMPLE

Masculine	Feminine	Meaning
		Murderer (Female) / One who Murders
		Listener (Female) / One who Listens
		Prostrator (Female) / One who Prostrates
		One who Thoughts (Female)
		Helper (Female) / One who Helps

Exercise: Convert all remaining present / future tenses into feminine!

Congragulations! You have completed your second day task. Revise thoroughly what we have taught you above. These are not all the words in the Quran. These are a few word we have chosen as an example so that you can have a know how they are used. Make sure you complete your exercises.